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Heat Value of Firewood

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Heat Value of Firewood

In North America, the heat value of fuels is described by the British Thermal Unit (BTU). When selecting firewood it is important to have an idea of the thermal output of the wood that you are buying.  The table below gives estimations of the BTU output of many of the common firewood species of North America.

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Species Density
(lb/cu.ft)
 Weight per Chord
 BTU's per Chord
(Millions)
 Recoverable BTU's per Chord
(Millions)
 Units to produce 1million BTU's
Hickory
 50.9 4327 27.7
19.39
0.052
Eastern Hophornbeam
 50.2  4267  27.3  19.11  0.052
Apple  48.7  4100  26.5  18.55  0.054
 White Oak
  47.2  4012  25.7  17.99  0.056
 Sugar Maple
  44.2  3757  24  16.80  0.060
 Red Oak
  44.2  3757  24  16.80  0.060
 Beech  44.2  3757  24  16.80  0.060
 Yellow Birch
  43.4  3689  23.6  16.52  0.061
 White Ash
  43.4  3689  23.6  16.52  0.061
 Hackberry  38.2  3247  20.8  14.56  0.069
 Tamarack  38.2  3247  20.8  14.56  0.069
 Paper Birch
  37.4  3179  20.3  14.21  0.070
 Cherry
  36.7  3121  20  14.00  0.071
 Elm  35.9  3052  19.5  13.65  0.073
 Black Ash
  35.2  2992  19.1  13.37  0.075
 Red Maple
  34.4  2924  18.7  13.09  0.076
 Box Elder
  32.9  2797  17.9  12.53  0.080
 Jack Pine
  31.4  2669  17.1  11.97  0.084
 Norway Pine
  31.4  2669  17.1  11.97  0.084
 Hemlock  29.2  2482  15.9  11.13  0.090
 Black Spruce
  29.2  2482  15.9  11.13  0.090
 Ponderosa Pine
  28  2380  15.2  10.64  0.094
 Aspen  27  2290  14.7  10.29  0.097
 White Pine
  26.3  2236  14.3  10.01  0.100
 Balsam Fir
  26.3  2236  14.3  10.01  0.100
 Cottonwood
  24.8  2180  13.5  9.45  0.106
 Basswood  24.8  2180  13.5  9.45  0.106


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Created: 2008-10-29 , Updated: 2008-10-29

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